In recent days, international media outlets have been focusing on Kazakhstan for two main reasons: (1) its robust economic growth, as reported by Euractiv and The Times of Central Asia, and (2) its ambition to become a major crypto hub, highlighted in Business AM, Euractiv, Journal du Coin, Cryptonaute.fr, and Anews.tv. Whether in transportation, democratization, investment, or artificial intelligence, Kazakhstan is increasingly making a positive impression on the global stage.
Cryptocurrency and the creation of strategic Bitcoin reserves have become major initiatives worldwide. Kazakhstan has now joined the ranks of countries preparing to establish their own digital asset reserves. In 2021, Kazakhstan accounted for over 27% of global Bitcoin mining, making it the second-largest player at the time. The exodus of digital miners from China—driven by bans and crackdowns—led many to relocate to Kazakhstan, attracted by cheap electricity and minimal regulation, according to Euractiv.
Beyond building digital asset reserves, Kazakhstan is preparing to invest part of its national funds into crypto markets. This strategy aligns with the impressive performance of Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies. According to Timur Suleimenov, Chairman of the National Bank, Kazakhstan plans to invest in cryptocurrencies as part of its broader strategy to diversify national reserves and modernize financial management.
Kazakhstan’s rise as a regional crypto hub
Kazakhstan aims to become Central Asia’s premier crypto destination. The creation of a national strategic reserve and crypto investments are just two pillars of a much more ambitious project. In January, President Kassym-Jomart Tokayev emphasized the urgency of developing Kazakhstan’s crypto infrastructure, citing a global shift toward digital assets. He stressed the need for a comprehensive national strategy to address emerging challenges. The president has expressed his desire to transform the country into a preferred destination for crypto investors.
Cryptocity
In line with this vision, Tokayev announced the launch of “Crypto City” in May, a pilot zone for testing cryptocurrency payments for goods and services. The following month, five banks—Halyk Bank, Forte, Freedom, RBK, and Altyn—joined a National Bank pilot program to introduce crypto cards. These cards, linked to wallets on digital platforms, allow real-time conversion of cryptocurrencies into tenge for payments and withdrawals, including at physical terminals according to Iskakov & Zhazetova (2025, June 6).
In an interview with Soysal, Kazakhstan’s Minister of Digital Development, Innovations and Aerospace Industry, Zhaslan Mädiyev, stated:
“The President’s idea is to define a crypto city that will be completely crypto-friendly, where crypto can be a legal tender — you can pay in restaurants, in cafes, purchase real estate, invest in crypto. That could be a magnet for developers, the IT community, and the blockchain ecosystem, giving new momentum to economic diversification.”
The Minister outlined a bold vision for Kazakhstan’s future in a wide-ranging conversation covering cryptocurrency, artificial intelligence, aerospace, and global partnerships. Mädiyev described how Kazakhstan is rapidly emerging as a regional and global leader in digital innovation by building a regulatory and technological framework tailored to 21st-century challenges.
“Kazakhstan is quite active in terms of developing the crypto ecosystem and trying to promote a crypto-friendly environment for changing organizations and promoting innovative solutions in the whole value chain,” Mädiyev added.
The country is considering allocating part of its gold and foreign currency reserves, as well as assets from its National Fund, to crypto-related investments, according to Suleimenov. Kazakhstan is also establishing a regulatory sandbox to test innovative blockchain projects and digital services. Crypto banks are being considered as part of this ecosystem, with the mission of providing integrated services such as exchange, storage, and transaction support for digital assets within a regulated framework.
Kazakhstan’s path to crypto leadership
Kazakhstan’s digital asset strategy comes amid a booming global market. With a market capitalization exceeding $2.7 trillion and over 580 million users worldwide, institutional adoption is accelerating according to Zajmi, X. (2025, 26 mai). The country’s regulatory approach echoes European efforts to prioritize consumer protection and market stability. However, Kazakhstan stands out for its continued support of crypto mining—allowing major operators to build their own energy sources—unlike many European countries where environmental concerns have led to restrictions. This approach draws inspiration from other nations that have embraced crypto. The United States, for example, holds around 200,000 bitcoins. Norway invests indirectly in blockchain and crypto-related companies with a cautious but steady approach. Gulf countries are also allocating small portions of their portfolios to crypto assets, ETFs, or shares in crypto-related firms, according to Kalimurzina, F. (2025, July 17).
In terms of credibility, Kazakhstan appears to have carefully considered the establishment of a well-organized legal framework for cryptocurrency. Transparency, strict management practices, and a focus on security are key objectives of the new reserve. Suleimenov stated that Kazakhstan intends to strengthen crypto market regulation, including the introduction of administrative and criminal penalties for unauthorized transactions on the “gray market” according to Anewz. Currently, crypto trading is only permitted on licensed platforms within the Astana International Financial Centre (AIFC). The National Bank also plans to tighten restrictions on crypto-related advertising to better control market activity. Kazakhstan is clearly betting on regulatory oversight to build a credible crypto market—one that sends a strong and trustworthy image internationally. President Tokayev’s recent policy announcements have been well received in Europe.
Suleimenov emphasized the need for caution when investing in crypto due to the high volatility of these assets. “These investments can generate significant returns, but they are also very risky, so there is no need to rush,” he said. Acknowledging the inherent volatility of crypto markets, Suleimenov advocates for a proactive risk management approach. Rather than shying away from crypto investments, the National Bank supports centralized control and oversight.
The funding sources for the reserve will reflect Kazakhstan’s multifaceted approach to digital assets. Cryptocurrencies confiscated from illicit activities will also be integrated into the reserve, effectively reallocating ill-gotten gains into state-owned digital assets. A dedicated infrastructure is currently under development to manage this reserve securely and transparently.
Conclusion
Kazakhstan’s growing influence, rapid economic expansion, and increasing global partnerships now converge with its bold entry into the digital asset space. The country joins a growing list of nations deploying forward-looking strategies for digital finance. Kazakhstan is accelerating its efforts to become a regional leader in blockchain and cryptocurrencies. Its approach goes beyond merely establishing a crypto reserve—it includes investing portions of its national funds directly into cryptocurrencies.
For the Kazakh government, crypto investment is a strategic tool for achieving financial diversification. The plan involves reallocating part of the country’s gold reserves, foreign currency holdings, and assets from the National Fund into digital assets. Kazakhstan aims to position itself not only as a regulator but also as an active participant in the digital asset economy. It is now emerging as a regulated hub for digital finance in Central Asia.
Crypto-related revenues in Kazakhstan are projected to reach $101.4 million by 2025, with the number of users expected to surpass 923,000 this year according to Qazinform. These trends underscore Kazakhstan’s growing role as a serious player in the digital economy. With its comprehensive regulatory framework and proactive investment strategy, Kazakhstan could become a model for crypto governance in the region—and potentially beyond.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Business AM. (2025, 14 juillet). Le Kazakhstan lance une réserve nationale de crypto-monnaies. https://fr.businessam.be/le-kazakhstan-lance-reserve-nationale-crypto-monnaies/
Dumas, M. (2025, 16 juillet). Le Kazakhstan va investir une partie de ses réserves dans le Bitcoin. Cryptonaute. https://cryptonaute.fr/kazakhstan-investir-reserves-bitcoin/
Haidar, A. (2025, July 9). Kazakhstan sets sights on becoming Central Asia’s blockchain hub. The Times of Central Asia. https://timesca.com/kazakhstan-sets-sights-on-becoming-central-asias-blockchain-hub/
Iskakov, Y., & Zhazetova, Z. (2025, June 6). No crypto, no cry: Regulators warn against risky investment – Kazakhstan joins fray. Kursiv Media. https://kz.kursiv.media/en/2025-06-06/engk-yeri-no-crypto-no-cry-regulators-warn-against-risky-investment-kazakhstan-joins-fray/
Kalimurzina, F. (2025, 17 juillet). Kazakhstan eyes crypto for reserves diversification. AnewZ. https://anewz.tv/business/business/10745/kazakhstan-eyes-crypto-for-reserves-diversification/news
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Soysal, D. (2025, May 29). Kazakhstan’s digital leap: Minister Mädiyev unveils bold vision for crypto, AI, and global tech cooperation. Eurasia Focus. https://eurasiafocus.com/kazakhstans-digital-leap-minister-madiyev-unveils-bold-vision-for-crypto-ai-and-global-tech-cooperation/
Zajmi, X. (2025, 26 mai). Kazakhstan is betting on regulatory control to build a credible crypto market. Euractiv. https://www.euractiv.com/section/economy-jobs/news/kazakhstan-is-betting-on-regulatory-control-to-build-a-credible-crypto-market/
Zhanibekov, Y. (2025, July 17). Foreign media on Kazakhstan: Kazakhstan, Italy expand strategic partnership with new agreements; Kazakhstan to launch new flights to 15 foreign cities. Kazinform. https://qazinform.com/news/foreign-media-on-kazakhstankazakhstan-italy-expand-strategic-partnership-with-new-agreements-kazakhstan-to-launch-new-flights-to-15-foreign-cities-8d18a8
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